Aerosolized administration of biopharmaceuticals to the airways is a promising route for nasal and pulmonary drug delivery, but − in contrast to small molecules − little is known about the effects of aerosolization on safety and efficacy of biopharmaceuticals. Proteins are sensitive against aerosolization-associated shear stress. Tailored formulations can shield proteins and enhance permeation, but formulation development requires extensive screening approaches. Thus, the aim of this study...
Abstract A new and highly biocompatible space holder material is proposed for manufacturing of porous titanium with open and interconnected pore morphologies through powder metallurgy techniques. Sugar pellets are compacted with titanium powder and then removed by dissolution in water before sintering. The morphology, pore structure and porosity were observed by optical microscopy, SEM and micro-CT. The porous titanium has highly spherical pore shapes, well-controlled pore sizes and high...