All functions in human are highly organized in time as biological rhythms of diverse periods, both in health and in disease. This represents a challenge for those involved in the development of drug-delivery systems to make possible the treatment of illness according to these physiological biological rhythms as a means of improving therapeutic outcomes. Pharmaceutical companies are experiencing obstacles in discovering new medications that represent significant advances in the treatment of
disease. The current advances in chronobiology and the knowledge gained from chronotherapy of selected diseases strongly suggest that “the one size fits all at all times” approach to drug delivery is no longer substantiated, at least for selected bioactive agents and disease therapy or prevention. Thus, there is a critical and urgent need for chronopharmaceutical research (e.g., design and evaluation of robust, spatially and temporally controlled drug delivery systems that would be clinically intended for chronotherapy by different routes of administration).